Retraction Guidelines

Ẹ̀dá Journal is committed to preserving the integrity and reliability of the scholarly record.

An article may be considered for retraction where there is clear evidence of:

• Unreliable findings
• Plagiarism
• Duplicate publication
• Unethical research
• Serious authorship abuse
• Other major forms of academic or publication misconduct

Where retraction is warranted, the journal will issue a retraction notice stating the reason clearly while preserving the scholarly record.

Corrections

Not every error requires retraction. Minor errors that do not invalidate the article may be addressed through an erratum or corrigendum.

The journal will investigate complaints concerning published material fairly, confidentially, and without retaliation.